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In a fixed and floating two bearing mounting system, the primary role of the fixed bearing is to carry thrust loads. Fixed bearings are specifically designed to resist axial movement, effectively holding the shaft in place and guiding it along a linear path. This is crucial, especially in applications where axial forces are prevalent, such as in gearboxes or conveyor systems.

By carrying these thrust loads, the fixed bearing ensures that the rotating shaft remains stable and does not shift under operational stresses, which could lead to misalignment and increased wear on the bearings. In contrast, the floating bearing allows for some axial movement, accommodating thermal expansion and shaft alignment changes without imposing unnecessary constraints.

While fixed bearings may also support radial loads, the emphasis in distinguishing their function is on their capacity to manage axial (or thrust) loads effectively, making their primary role distinct within the bearing system.